Pro Forma Form 1120 — Plain-English Guide
Foreign-owned US single-member LLCs file pro forma Form 1120 as the procedural vehicle for filing Form 5472. "Pro forma" means most of the form stays blank — you only fill in entity identification fields and stamp "Foreign-Owned U.S. DE" at the top. This guide shows exactly what to fill in.
What does 'pro forma' mean here?
Fields you DO fill in
Fields you LEAVE BLANK
The 'Foreign-Owned U.S. DE' stamp
Filing the package
Frequently asked questions
- Do I need to fill in Schedule L (balance sheet)?
- Only the total assets line (Schedule L, line 15, column (d)). The other balance sheet detail isn't required for pro forma filings.
- Can I e-file the pro forma 1120?
- No. Foreign-owned disregarded entities are excluded from e-filing for 1120 and 5472. Mail or fax only.
- Do I need to attach Form 1125-A or 1125-E?
- No. Those schedules are for active C-corporations. Pro forma 1120 for foreign-owned DEs doesn't require them.
Related guides
Form 5472 vs Form 1120 — What's the Difference?
Form 5472 and Form 1120 are two separate IRS forms that foreign-owned US LLCs must file together. Form 1120 is the US corporate income tax return. Form 5472 is an information return about related-party transactions. For most foreign-owned single-member LLCs, the 1120 is filed "pro forma" — meaning most boxes are blank.
How to File IRS Form 5472
Foreign-owned US single-member LLCs must file Form 5472 with an attached pro forma Form 1120 by April 15 each year. You can't e-file — the IRS only accepts these forms by mail or fax to the Ogden PIN Unit. Below is the full step-by-step process, or skip the work and use our 15-minute online filer for $49.
Form 5472 Instructions: Plain-English Walkthrough
The official IRS instructions for Form 5472 are 12 pages of dense regulatory language. Here's what each part actually means, what to write in each box, and the common mistakes that trigger the $25,000 penalty.